Hair transplantation is surgical technique which involves transplanting individual hair follicles from one part of the body to another. It's mainly used to treat male baldness; however, it is also used to restore eyelashes, eyebrows, beard hair, pubic hair, and chest hair. Hair transplantation is different from skin grafting, in that grafts contain almost all of the epidermis and dermis surrounding the hair follicle and many tiny grafts are transplanted rather than a single strip of skin.
In the usual follicular unit transplant procedure, the surgeon harvests a strip of skin from the rear of the scalp, in an area of good hair growth. The excised strip can be around 1.5 x 15–30 cm in size. After the resulting wound is closed with stitches, assistants begin to dissect individual follicular unit grafts from the strip of scalp. Working with binocular Stereo-microscopes, they carefully remove excess fibrous and fatty tissue while trying to avoid damaging the follicular cells that will be used for growing the new hair. The latest method of closure is called 'Trichophytic closure' which results in much finer scars at the donor area which means that post surgery the results can look very natural and impressive.
The surgeon then uses very small micro blades to puncture the sites for receiving the grafts, placing them in a predetermined density and pattern to promote the look of realistic hair. The assistants generally do the final part of the procedure, inserting the individual grafts in place.
The scalp is then shampooed and treated with an antibacterial chemical prior to the donor scalp being harvested.
The area must be shielded from the sun, and shampooing is started two days after the surgery. Shampooing is important to prevent scabs forming. Scabs adhere to the hair shaft and increase the risk of losing newly transplanted hair follicles during the first 7 to 10 days post-op.
During the first ten days, virtually all of the transplanted hairs, inevitably traumatized by their relocation, will fall out. After two to three months the hair will begin to grow from the moved follicles. The patient's hair will grow normally, and continue to thicken through the next six to nine months.
Video about the procedure Hair Transplants
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